ABIS is the abbreviation of Automated Biometric Identification System. ABIS is a software that stores and identifies large-scale biometric data. This software stores biometric data such as fingerprints, palm prints, plantar prints, faces, and irises. By comparing the previously obtained data with the available data, the system identifies matches and flags mismatches. This process is called "biometric identification." It allows a live sample to be compared with many biometric data recorded to find and verify the biometric record of a particular individual. As a result of the obtained match, identification can be performed.

ABIS seeks answers to these two questions: "Who are you?" (identification) and "Is this person really you?" (authentication). We can give an example of biometric identification of the system used by the police in criminal investigations. In this system, law enforcement officers can find out whose biometric traces belong by having the unidentified biometric traces they found at the scene (latent prints) questioned through ABIS. Examples of biometric authentication include facial recognition or fingerprints to unlock a smartphone.

How does ABIS operate?

The basic working principle of ABIS software is as follows: ABIS compares biometric data such as fingerprints, faces, and irises of an individual with existing samples in a database containing biometric data. Each person has unique features: fingerprints, palm prints, plantar prints, faces, and irises. Thus, biometric data can be associated with a single person. Abis software uses unique algorithms that bring the right person to our attention by comparing the information specific to this person in the system. The system brings the compared traces to an expert in order of proximity. The expert makes the final decision. The sample used in the search can be obtained in many different ways.

The ABIS software is used in two different ways. The first is criminal ABIS, used to identify criminals, while the second is civil ABIS, used in areas such as health, education, and access control.

What are the Types of ABIS?

Criminal ABIS is generally designed to use biometric data that can be used concerning crime. Fingerprints, palm prints, plantar prints or face images, and criminal record photos taken from CCTV cameras left by a criminal at the scene are included in these latent prints. Criminal ABIS compares these traces, which were somehow left as evidence at the scene, with the database available and goes to a conclusion. In line with this result, the permit holder left at the scene is compared with the biometric data previously recorded in the system. If the biometric data obtained from the scene match the evidence, the permit holder obtained from the scene is determined. If the prints in the database do not match the latent print, latent prints are also recorded in the database as unattended. Thus, it can be ensured that unclaimed traces are also included in the identification process.

Another type of ABIS is called civil ABIS. Civil ABIS can be used in many areas, such as health, education, security, social benefit programs, election systems, passage control, and border control. According to the criminal ABIS, the most significant difference from civil ABIS is that the latent prints are not used. Civil ABIS is usually processed through fingerprints, palms, and face prints, which are generally identified. Civil ABIS can match fingerprint, palm print, face, and iris samples with large-scale available biometric templates with incredible accuracy. In addition, it can match the traces in the database with the traces obtained in seconds.

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